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While you can make MM stand for millions of anything, it’s important that the reader knows whether you’re talking about dollars, euros, units shipped, etc. If, say, you use it for both units and dollars in the same document, separate the different categories so your readers don’t get confused. While Roman numerals are technically additive (MM is really 1,000 plus 1,000 or https://www.bookstime.com/ 2,000), MM is still a fairly common way of abbreviating millions, especially in certain industries like oil and gas. This guide will explore how the notation should be used, as well as alternative symbols that are used in practice.

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• This is ambiguous; hence, if you wish to be unambiguous the use of M to mean either thousands or millions is to be avoided.
• The Notation MM for representing Millions is becoming less common as it creates confusion between the representation of M and MM, whereas the M denotes the Thousand.
• Although different accountants have adopted Roman and Greek traditions (or transitioned to modern abbreviations), context is what unlocks the knowledge needed to understand the term.
• Prepare for a successful accounting career—and for the CPA exam—with a graduate degree from the Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management.

Roman abbreviations are usually not capitalized when using this method (1MM vs. 1mm), but each firm has different standards they follow. When two Ms are together (MM), it indicates 2,000 when using this methodology for expressing numbers. To avoid confusion, the term $1MM is often used to designate a million, while the generic “MM” represents 2,000. For the past 52 years, Harold Averkamp (CPA, MBA) hasworked as an accounting supervisor, manager, consultant, university instructor, and innovator in teaching accounting online. He is the sole author of all the materials on AccountingCoach.com. For the past 52 years, Harold Averkamp (CPA, MBA) has worked as an accounting supervisor, manager, consultant, university instructor, and innovator in teaching accounting online.

• For the past 52 years, Harold Averkamp (CPA, MBA) has worked as an accounting supervisor, manager, consultant, university instructor, and innovator in teaching accounting online.
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• If a financial statement has a lot of large figures, the accountant may simply dispense with abbreviations.
• The seven letters in Roman numerals are I, V, X, L, C, D, and M.

Using the MM Abbreviation

By using MM, they can create models that are not only easier to read but also more efficient to work with. This is particularly important in scenarios where quick decision-making is required, such as during mergers and acquisitions or when assessing investment opportunities. Boost your confidence and master accounting skills effortlessly with CFI’s expert-led courses!

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• Teaching assistantships or perhaps other on-campus part-time employment may be available to particularly well-qualified candidates.
• As one discovers from the many variant opinions this topic generates significant misunderstanding.
• Content contained on or made available through the website is not intended to and does not constitute legal advice or investment advice and no attorney-client relationship is formed.
• That letter isn’t Greek or Roman, but the average reader would likely understand the concept.
• It would be bad form to mix K and MM because they are two different systems of notation.
• So the convention of using M for thousands and MM for millions originated in Roman numeral-based accounting.

In accounting and financial analysis terms, we know that reads as 92 thousand dollars, but the context allows us to understand the expression’s intent. Frequently, in finance and accounting, an analyst will use k to denote thousands and a capitalized M to denote millions. Frequently, in finance and accounting settings now, an analyst will use k to denote thousands and mm meaning a capitalized M to denote millions. If you have completed some of our required curriculum, appropriate graduate management electives from any of the three schools in the Cornell SC Johnson College of Business may be substituted.